Different types of domestic and family violence

Sometimes people don’t realise they are experiencing domestic and family violence (DFV).

DFV can happen in many ways. It is not always physical abuse.

Watch the video below to learn more about the different types of DFV.

Duration 00:07:37

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It's important to remember that domestic and family violence can happen in many ways.

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In this video, we talk about the different types of domestic and family violence so you can identify them.

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Domestic and family violence is not always physical violence or physical abuse.

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It can also be many different types of non-physical abuse and controlling behaviour.

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Often domestic and family violence involves both types of abuse, physical and non-physical, to hurt and scare or control you.

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No type of violence or abuse is ever OK and everyone has the right to be safe and to feel safe in relationships.

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Physical abuse Physical abuse is when someone hurts your body or tries to hurt you on purpose.

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They can also threaten to hurt or injure you to make you feel scared.

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They might hit, punch, kick, slap, pinch, burn or bruise you, try to choke or strangle you, shower you in cold water, prevent you from moving around freely or leaving, punch holes in walls or throw things at you, hurt or not feed your assistance animals or your pets.

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They might also take away, hide, break or not charge the things you need to move around or communicate.

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Emotional abuse Emotional abuse is when someone makes you feel scared, unsafe or bad about yourself by criticising, threatening or controlling you.

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They might yell, shout or swear at you and put you down, blame you or make you feel guilty about things that aren't your fault or that you have no control over.

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They might also gaslight you, making you question yourself, what you know and your experience of events.

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Control parts of your life you don't want them to control and not let you make decisions.

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Threaten to put you into aged care or disability care.

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They might also say they will hurt you or other people and things you care about, like the people you love or your assistants, animals or pets.

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Sexual abuse Sexual abuse is when someone forces you to do something sexual or to be part of something sexual when you don't want to.

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They might force you to have sex or do sexual things when you don't want to, even if you're in a romantic relationship with that person, Make you touch them or touch you in places you don't want to be touched, Hurt you on purpose during sex.

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Say you'll get in trouble if you don't have sex with them or if you tell people they make you do sexual things.

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It's important to remember that you don't need to have sex to experience sexual abuse.

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They might also show you sexual photos or videos you don't want to see, or take naked photos of you when you don't want them to.

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Financial abuse Financial abuse is when someone takes or controls your money in a way that you do not agree with and is not good for you.

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This can include money from your job, your NDIS funds, your Centrelink money, your bank accounts.

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They might not let you decide how to spend your money.

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Get angry when you spend money.

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Refuse to pay for items you need such as food, doctor's appointments, and medicine.

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Take money from your purse or your wallet or your bank account without telling you and not paying you back.

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Not let you get a job or earn your own money.

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They may prevent you from accessing education or say or do things that make it difficult for you to study or get to work.

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They might also force you to sign things you don't know about or stop you from accessing your bank accounts.

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Technology based abuse.

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Technology based abuse is when someone uses technology to control you, make you feel scared or unsafe, or make you feel bad.

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They might stop you from accessing your phone or computer, stop you from using communication aids or devices like a screen reader, abuse, or embarrass you on social media.

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They might look at your phone or e-mail or social media without your permission, or put pictures of you online without you saying that's OK.

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They may also use technology to stalk you, contact you too much, or follow you wherever you go.

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Social isolation.

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Social isolation is when someone stops you from seeing or contacting your friends or family, stops you from contacting or receiving the supports and services you need, and stops you from getting to important appointments, for example, medical appointments.

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They might control which friends or family you can contact or spend time with.

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Not let your friends or family visit you or phone you.

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Say mean things about your friends or family.

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Family all the time.

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Not let you have interests and hobbies that don't involve them.

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Not let you leave home or only let you go out if they go with you.

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Control when you can go out, where you go, or who you can go with.

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They might also make you feel bad about spending time with friends or family or leave you at home because it takes too long to help you get out of the house.

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Neglect Neglect is when you don't have the support to meet your basic needs.

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They might stop you from getting sleep, food, medical care or support services, stop you from having or using communication devices or mobility aids, not help you stay clean and hygienic, leave you in uncomfortable situations or physical positions, lock you inside a room or the house, ignore you when you need their help or attention.

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They might also stop feeding and caring for your pets or assistance animals, or keep your assistance animals away from you so you can't leave home by yourself.

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Identity based abuse Identity based abuse is when someone uses aspects of who you are to threaten or hurt you.

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This can include your race, gender, or sexuality.

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If someone is abusing your identity, they might use bad feelings about your identity as an excuse for violence or abuse.

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Make you feel confused, ashamed, or guilty.

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Demand you hide parts of your identity or choose which part of your identity is most important to you.

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Threaten to tell people about your identity or tell people about your identity.

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Domestic and family violence can also involve spiritual, cultural, or religious abuse to make you feel scared, unsafe, trapped, or controlled.

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Any type of domestic and family violence is never OK.

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If you think you're experiencing domestic and family violence, it's important you talk to someone you trust.

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Support is available and people are there to help you be safe.

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You can find out more at our website www.qld.gov.au/neverok.

Types of abuse

Domestic and family violence can include any of the following:

  • Emotional or psychological abuse

    Emotional or psychological abuse is when someone makes you feel afraid or bad about yourself by criticising, threatening or controlling you.

    Sometimes it is subtle and hard to notice at first, but over time it can lower your self-confidence. Other times it is obvious what is happening.

    It might include:

    • Constant criticism and put downs
    • Yelling, shouting or swearing at you
    • Telling you that no-one else will love you or that you don’t deserve better
    • Blaming you for things that are not your fault
    • Trying to convince you or others that you are ‘crazy’ or a ‘liar’
    • Jealousy and accusing you of having affairs
    • Threatening to put you into care
    • Controlling parts of your life you don’t want them to and not letting you make decisions
    • Threatening to hurt you—or people and things you care about like your children, other family members, assistance animal or pets

    Back to list of types

  • Financial abuse

    Financial abuse is when someone takes or controls your money in a way that you do not agree with and is not good for you. This might include:

    • Not letting you decide how to spend your money.
    • Getting angry when you spend money.
    • Taking your pay or restricting your access to joint bank accounts.
    • Refusing to pay for items you need such as food, doctor’s appointments and medicine.
    • Not letting you decide how to spend your NDIS money, if you have some and want to.
    • Regularly taking your money without asking.
    • Regularly saying they will pay you back but never doing it.
    • Making you sign contracts that you do not understand.
    • Not letting you have a job so you can earn your own money.
    • Making money decisions without you

    Back to list of types

  • Physical abuse

    Physical abuse is when someone intentionally hurts your body or scares you by doing or threatening violent things.

    This might include:

    • Hitting, punching, kicking, stabbing, burning, choking or anything that causes you injury
    • Pinching, slapping or spitting on you
    • Not giving you medicine or giving you too much to make you sleepy
    • Removing, hiding or damaging your mobility or communication aids
    • Punching holes in walls, breaking things or throwing something at you
    • Showering you in freezing cold water
    • Hitting, punching, kicking or hurting assistance animals or pets
    • Not giving assistance animals or pets the care they need, like food and water

    Back to list of types

  • Sexual abuse

    Sexual abuse is when someone forces you to be part of something sexual when you don’t want to.

    This might include:

    • Forcing you to have sex or do sexual things when you don’t want to—even if you are in a relationship with that person
    • Making you touch them or touching you in places you don’t want to be touched
    • Showing you sexual images that you don’t want to see
    • Intentionally hurting you during sex
    • Taking photos of you when you’re naked without your permission
    • Posting sexual images of you online without your permission
    • Saying they will not help you do things unless you have sex with them
    • Saying you’ll get in trouble if you don’t have sex with them or if you tell people you are being made to do sexual things
    • Controlling your reproductive choices, like using contraception or having / not having children

    Back to list of types

  • Neglect

    Neglect is when you don’t have the support to meet your basic needs. People with disability can experience neglect from their partner, family or informal carer.

    This can include:

    • Stopping you from getting sleep, food or medical care
    • Not helping you stay clean and hygienic
    • Regularly leaving you in an uncomfortable situation
    • Only giving you a short amount of time to eat before taking your food away
    • Ignoring you when you want or need attention
    • Locking you inside a room or the house
    • Not charging your mobility or communication aids
    • Not allowing you to use your mobility or communication aids

    Back to list of types

  • Social abuse

    Social abuse is when someone stops you from seeing or contacting your friends or family.

    This might include:

    • Controlling which friends or family you can contact or spend time with
    • Constantly criticising your friends or family
    • Making you feel guilty about going out to spend time with friends and family, or even to attend work
    • Moving you away to live somewhere that you don’t have friends or family
    • Not letting you have interests and hobbies that don’t involve them
    • Leaving you at home because it takes too long to help you get out of the house

    Back to list of types

  • Technology-based abuse

    Technology-based abuse is when someone uses technology to make you feel bad or to control you.

    This might include:

    • Checking your phone, email or social media without permission
    • Stopping you from accessing your phone or computer
    • Stopping you from using accessibility aids you need like a screen reader
    • Not charging your communication aids or devices
    • Abusing or embarrassing you on social media
    • Tracking your movements through your phone
    • Monitoring your internet usage

    Back to list of types

  • Stalking

    Stalking is when someone repeatedly watches, follows or harasses you, even though you want them to leave you alone. This can include:

    • Following you in their car or by foot.
    • Waiting for you outside your home, workplace or university.
    • Leaving unwanted notes or gifts for you to find.
    • Talking to friends, neighbours or your children about your movements or activities.
    • Constantly checking where you are and what you are doing.
    • Using tracking devices so they know where you are.

    Back to list of types

  • Spiritual, cultural or religious abuse

    Spiritual, cultural or religious abuse is when someone uses your culture, spirituality or religious beliefs to abuse or control you.

    It can include:

    • Making you feel bad about your beliefs and traditions
    • Stopping you from taking part in religious activities or cultural ceremonies and traditions (like Sorry Business in Aboriginal and Torres Strait lslander communities)
    • Refusing to help you attend religious activities or cultural ceremonies and traditions (like Sorry Business in Aboriginal and Torres Strait lslander communities)
    • Stopping you from wearing traditional clothing (e.g. a hijab) or following dietary practices (like eating kosher or halal food)
    • Using religious texts or beliefs to say their behaviour is okay or to stop you from leaving them or ending the relationship
    • Forcing you to follow their religious or cultural practices when you don't want to

    Back to list of types

  • Identity-based abuse

    Identity-based abuse is when someone uses aspects of who you are to threaten or hurt you. This can include your race, gender or sexuality.

    Some examples are:

    • Using negative feelings about your identity as an excuse for violence or abuse
    • Using your identity to make you feel confused, ashamed or guilty
    • Demanding that you hide parts of your identity or choose which part of your identity is most important to you
    • Threatening to tell or telling people you are gay, lesbian or bi-sexual without your consent
    • Threatening to tell or telling people you are transgender or non-binary without your consent
    • Threatening to reveal or revealing your HIV status to others
    • Threatening to tell or telling people about your disability without your consent

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Useful links and resources

Below are links to more information about domestic and family violence that you might like to explore. There are things you can download, read, listen to or watch.

Some of the resources are from other parts of Australia, where the laws about the relationships in which domestic and family violence can happen may be different. But no matter what relationship or care arrangement you have, if you think someone is hurting or abusing you, you can seek help—talk to someone you trust about it or contact a support service.

Download

Sunny is 1800RESPECT's app for women with disability. It includes information and support if you have experienced violence and abuse. It is free to download and use on your smartphone. Watch a short video about the Sunny app.

Read

The Domestic Violence Resource Centre Victoria (DVRCV) share stories from 8 women with disability who have experienced domestic and family violence.

Also on the DVRCV website, women with disability share advice based on their experiences dealing with a domestic and family violence situation and how they got help. The steps you take will depend on your own situation, but these stories may give you some ideas about what you might do.

You deserve to be safe (PDF, 1.1MB) is a simple English booklet about domestic and family violence developed by WWILD, a Queensland organisation that supports people with intellectual disabilities who are survivors of crime. It describes the range of behaviours that might be violence in a relationship and provides suggestions about what to do and who you might talk to about your safety.

For women from different cultures and language backgrounds

Women’s Legal Service Queensland has created fact sheets about domestic and family violence that are available in English, Arabic, Russian, Chinese (Simplified), Filipino and Vietnamese.

The Australian Government’s Department of Social Services has made a picture storyboard about domestic and family violence (PDF, 798KB) with images and simple words. It is not specifically for women with disability but includes helpful information for everyone.

Listen

Women, disability and domestic violence (ABC Life Matters) is a discussion on the challenges of ending domestic and family violence against women with disability in Australia.

Growing bold in a world of violence (Feros Care) is a podcast episode where Karni Liddell, a Paralympian and disability and diversity specialist from Queensland, talks about domestic and family violence in the disability community and what needs to be done to solve the issue.

Watch

Women with Disabilities Victoria: Our right to safety

In this 20-minute video, women with disability speak about their experiences of violence and abuse. They talk about how they found ways to speak up and be heard and get support so they could live without violence and abuse.

The video was made by Women with Disabilities Victoria. It includes captions, Auslan interpreting and an audio description.

There is a video guide (PDF, 888KB) to use with the video, which has extra information and discussion questions. It is also available in easy English (PDF, 4.4MB).

Duration 00:21:37

Other videos

Women’s Legal Service Queensland has a series of videos about financial abuse that can help you understand what it is and the steps you can take to get financial independence.

Queensland Courts explain the court process for applying or responding to domestic violence orders. There are videos in Auslan and different languages: Arabic, Mandarin, Persian/Farsi, Spanish, Thai and Vietnamese.

Deaf Society Australia has a series of videos about domestic and family violence in Auslan. Topics include emotional abuse, healthy relationships and what you can do in a domestic and family violence situation.

Victorian Advocacy League for Individuals with Disability (VALID) has a video series called Staying safe. Their topics include financial abuse, emotional abuse, physical abuse and sexual abuse—and what to do in these situations.

Reach out for help: Domestic and family violence is not part of our culture is another video by the Queensland Courts, which includes information about domestic and family violence and where to get help for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. It is not specifically about disability but contains information that you may find helpful.

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Support is available

If you think you may be experiencing domestic and family violence or if you're unsure and would like advice, support is available.

Get help and support now